‘Patent evergreening’ memperpanjang monopoli obat lewat modifikasi minor obat lama. MK hidupkan kembali regulasi yang membatasi klaim paten tersebut.
United Nations University
The United Nations University (UNU) is a global research and postgraduate teaching organisation headquartered in Japan. The mission of the UNU is to contribute, through collaborative research and education, to efforts to resolve the pressing global problems of human survival, development and welfare that are the concern of the United Nations, its Peoples and Member States, working with leading universities and research institutes and functioning as a bridge between the international academic community and the United Nations system.
The University encompasses 14 institutes located in 12 countries around the world. Through postgraduate teaching activities, UNU contributes to capacity building, particularly in developing countries. As part of the UN family of organisations, the University maintains close working relationships with other UN agencies, programmes, commissions, funds and convention secretariats.
The UN University undertakes cross-cultural, interdisciplinary research (utilising innovative, science-based techniques and methodologies to study important global processes and elaborate forward-looking solutions) and targeted foresight and policy studies (aimed at developing policy-relevant prescriptions and evaluating the feasibility and comparative advantages of each option). It provides postgraduate-level education (degree-oriented programmes and specialised training focused on problems and solutions rather than academic disciplines) and capacity development activities (aimed at helping developing and transitional countries to enhance local potential to address current problems/confront emergent challenges). It also promotes knowledge sharing and transfer (to deliver relevant information about UN University research, current scientific advances and best practices, in a timely manner and in a usable form, to those who most need it and can best use it).
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An oil spill has reached Qeshm Island’s mangrove forests, with a possibly devastating environmental impact.
Extreme fire conditions converged in suburban neighborhoods built into the forests, shrubland and grasslands and quickly spread.
Sovereign creditworthiness is interpreted and reassessed through several overlapping evaluations.
In Mozambique growth and employment are becoming disconnected, and so are skills and opportunity.
Iran’s leaders could use the peace dividend to invest in fixing its severe environmental problems.
The Caspian Sea is becoming warmer and shallower, with damaging economic and environmental effects.
Customers may opt for long-haul train travel to avoid busy and stressful airport and flight experiences.
Data labs in Zambia, South Africa and Uganda are deepening how governments understand the economies they are responsible for, and the people within them.
The UK government issues heat alerts when temperatures spiral, but research suggests many people do not change their behaviour.
Sovereign debt markets are beginning to develop a way to manage shocks before they escalate into full restructuring episodes.
Economic conditions for ordinary Mozambicans are deteriorating. Poverty has risen, public services are unreliable and there are few decent job opportunities.
Closing down oil wells can cause long-term damage, which is difficult to reverse.
The nature of globalisation is changing dramatically.
A rápida expansão da extração de minerais essenciais está sacrificando o bem-estar humano e ecológico em nome dos avanços tecnológicos, mas existem maneiras de resolver isso
The rapid expansion of critical mineral extraction is trading away human and ecological well-being for technological breakthroughs. There are ways to fix this.
Comment parler du climat aux enfants sans nourrir l’angoisse ni minimiser la réalité ? Chercheurs et éducateurs proposent des pistes pour transformer l’inquiétude en capacité d’agir, en mobilisant familles, écoles et outils numériques.
Changes in shipping routes can end up altering the physical state of distant mountains, as well as creating other fallouts.
External assessors don’t always have a full view of a country’s creditworthiness.
There are things that we can do to combat the climate crisis. Children should be supported so they don’t lose hope.
Authors
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Researcher, Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH), United Nations University
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Research Fellow, World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), United Nations University
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Professor of Economics, UNESCO Chair, United Nations University
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Senior Fellow, Centre for Policy Research (UNU-CPR), United Nations University; Aston University
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Director of the Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH), United Nations University
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Executive Co-Director, UNU Hub on Empowering Communities to Adapt to Environmental Change, United Nations University; University of Calgary
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Energy and Carbon Senior Research Fellow, University of East London; United Nations University
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Affiliated Researcher, Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT), United Nations University
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Associate Professor of Civil Engineering, Boise State University; United Nations University
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Head of Equitable Development, Centre for Policy Research (UNU-CPR), United Nations University
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Executive Co-Director, Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH), United Nations University; Technical University of Hamburg
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Professor and Director Designate, World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), United Nations University
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Research Fellow, World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), United Nations University
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Research fellow, International Institute for Global Health, (UNU-IIGH), United Nations University
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Senior Research Fellow, World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), United Nations University